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Shina (word)
are romanized Japanese transliterations for the Chinese character compound "支那" which, in connection with usage by Japanese, is now viewed by most Chinese people as an offensive term for China. Originally a word used neutrally in both Chinese and Japanese, the word gained a derogatory tone due to its widespread usage in the context of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
==Sanskrit==
The Sanskrit word ''Cina'' (चीन IPA: /c͡çiːnə/), for China, was transcribed into various forms including 支那 (Zhīnà), 芝那 (Zhīnà), 脂那 (Zhīnà) and 至那 (Zhìnà). Thus, the term ''Shina'' was initially created in Chinese as a translation of "Cina." This term was in turn brought to Japan with the spread of Chinese Buddhism. Traditional etymology holds that the Sanskrit name derives from the Qin state or dynasty (秦, Old Chinese:
*dzin) which ruled China in 221–206 BC. Thus, the Sanskrit name for Qin came back to China in a different form, just as Qin would be at the root of Middle Persian Čīn (چین), and Latin ''Sina''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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